TU Ilmenau researches contactless biosignal measurement

The Ilmenau University of Technology is launching a research project on March 1 to develop a non-contact measurement method for biosignals. The aim is to record the brain activity of newborns without direct skin contact and thus avoid possible skin irritation, injuries or infections that can occur with conventional electrodes. The Carl Zeiss Foundation is supporting the project with 900,000 euros as part of the CZS Wildcard program, which promotes innovative interdisciplinary research approaches.

Electroencephalography (EEG) is essential in intensive care medicine, but involves risks, as conventional electrodes are attached with glue, suction cups or needles. These can damage the sensitive skin of newborn babies or promote infections. The ELFISENS project therefore relies on optical fibers that detect electrical fields without physical contact. Piezoelectric materials convert bioelectric fields into mechanical signals, which are then measured by optical fiber sensors. These sensors can be integrated into 3D-printed structures, resulting in flexible wearable systems such as hats, cushions or mattresses.

Project leader Professor Thomas Kissinger, Head of the Department of Nanofabrication and Nanomeasurement Technology, said: “Our innovative EEG technology should not only enable gentle long-term monitoring of newborns, for example, but could also provide rapid assistance in emergency situations where there is no time to attach contact electrodes, for example when integrated into a mobile application.”

In addition to his specialist area of nanomeasurement technology, the areas of functional materials under Professor Dr. Hongye Sun and data analysis in the life sciences under Professor Patrique Fiedler are also involved. While Sun works on the development of 3D-printed piezoelectric structures, Fiedler analyzes the recorded biosignals.

The research is currently focused on EEG measurements, but could be extended to other areas such as monitoring heart or muscle activity in the future. The combination of 3D printing and optical sensor technology opens up new perspectives for non-invasive medical technology.