New process developed for cost-effective 3D printing of steel

Researchers at the University of Cambridge, together with partners from several countries, have developed a new process for the 3D printing of steel. According to a publication in Nature Communications, it makes it possible to specifically influence the material properties during the printing process without the need for complex post-processing.

Until now, post-processing was necessary to optimize properties, as 3D printing can hardly influence the internal structures of a metal. According to the researchers led by Dr. Matteo Seita, the new LASER-based process uses laser beams as a “microscopic hammer” to specifically harden or soften the material during printing.

By controlling melting and solidification, the microstructure and thus the material properties such as strength and toughness can be specifically programmed. According to the researchers, the result is comparable to traditionally processed steel.

The 3D printing of metals is not yet widespread, as the costs are high due to the complex post-processing, among other things. By reducing post-processing, the new process could make metal 3D printing more attractive for industry and improve sustainability.

In the long term, the researchers hope to manage without any post-processing at all and thus further reduce the number of process steps. The process has already been tested for steel. According to Dr. Seita, it could help to make metal 3D printing more cost-effective and sustainable.